Hip arthrosis is a serious pathology that develops in the hip joint as a result of nutrition and as a result the destruction of cartilage tissue and the immobility of the thigh.
With healthy cartilage tissue on the joint, movement happens easily and does not cause discomfort.If the cartilage is damaged by arthrosis, then its surface is no longer smooth, it has Zabina, Fossa, which impedes normal flexion/extension of the joint.The thigh becomes like rusty stitches on a garden gate, when it is opened, the creaking is heard and tension when it moves.
The disease is dangerous in the fact that with the untimely start to the treatment, treatment is not only impossible, but the course of the disease leads to more immobility and loss of the joints.
Reasons
What is it?Coxarthrosis develops for many reasons, the mainstay is a sedentary lifestyle.Most often, athletes suffer from this disease due to large loads that can injure the joint.Unfortunately, arthrosis is often inherited, congenital dislocation is possible in the inguinal region.
The reasons that provoke the development of coxarthrosis of the hip joint:
- Is a disease;
- fracture of the neck of the thigh;
- obtaining injuries or microtraums in childhood;
- Excess weight, high load;
- drinking alcohol;
- congenital diseases;
- elevated hormone levels (age -related changes);
- tissue inflammation;
- destruction of joint tissues;
- Taking powerful medicines;
- stressful situations;
- infectious and inflammatory processes;
- Pathological diseases of the thigh in the inguinal region.
Particular attention should be paid to the presence of injuries (microtrauma).They have been treating for a long time, leading to the development of the disease for years.Most often, the disease begins to develop in people aged 40 years or more.Inflammation begins with a hip joint, but if you do not take timely treatment, the disease is applied to other areas.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the hip joint
Coxarthrosis most often develops in people over 40 years of age.It progresses gradually and a person's condition worsens from year to year.If you do not treat the damaged joint, then after a while pathological changes in another joint may occur.
In world practice, it is acknowledged that the arthrosis of the hip joint has three stages or the stage of development.Each is characterized by their own symptoms.
1 degree of arthrosis of the hip joint
At this stage of the disease, one experiences pain only with and after exercise, from prolonged running or walking, while mainly it becomes hurt, very rarely the pain gives the pain to the thigh or knee.
In addition, at the same time, the gait in a person is ordinary, the chrome is not observed, the hip muscles are not atrophied.When diagnosing the photos, bone growths are observed, which are located around the inner and outer edge of the acetabulum, no other pathological disorders in the neck and head of the femur are observed.
2 degree of arthrosis of the hip joint
With the arthrosis of the second degree of the hip joint, the symptoms become significant and the pain already acquires a more constant and intense nature, and at rest and at movement they give both in the groin and thigh, with load, the patient is already limping.There is also a limitation of the thigh, the volume of hip movements is reduced.
In the photos, the narrowing of the gap becomes half by the norm, the bone plants are located on the outer and in the inner edge of the hip head begins to increase, deforms and shifts up, its edges become uneven.
3 degree of arthrosis of the hip joint
At this stage of the disease, the pain is painful constant in nature, both day and night, the patient becomes difficult to move independently, so that a cane or crutches are used, the volume of movement of the joints is very limited, the muscles of the lower leg, hips and buttocks are atrophy.
The leg is shortened and the person is forced to tilt the body when it goes to the sick leg.From the displacement of the center of gravity, the load on the damaged joint increases.In X -ray photos, many bone outgrowths are found, the thigh head expands and the joint gap is significantly narrowed.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis is based on anamnesis data (identification of risk factors or causal diseases), clinical data and additional examination methods.
To clarify the diagnosis and conduct of differential diagnostics will help:
- X -ray hip joints;
- Ultrasound of the joints;
- MRI or CT.
As a rule, to determine an accurate diagnosis, sufficient clinical and radiological examination.Radiographs find specific changes characteristic of each stage of the disease: narrowing of the joint precipice, the presence of osteophytes, displacement and deformation of the femur head, subchondral cysts and periarticular osteosclerosis, osteoporotic changes in bones.Depending on the presence of these pathological changes, their severity establishes the degree and stage of the disease.
Treatment of hip arthrosis joint
In the first stage, the arthrosis of the hip joint is to be fully amenable to conservative treatment.The initial task is to relieve pain, which does not allow the patient to move.
In the process of coxarthrosis therapy,:
- Restoration of nutrition and circulation in the muscles and cartilage;
- Physical activity on the damaged joint decreases;
- Repair of damaged cartilage;
- Activation of the hidden reserves of the human body, which will contribute to the regeneration of tissues at the microclular level;
- Increasing the joint difference;
- Restoration of joint mobility.
During medication treatment, this category of patients are prescribed the following medicines:
- No -high anti -inflammatory anti -inflammatory.They will help to eliminate pain, eliminate swelling and inflammation, but their uncontrolled use will contribute to the suppression of the natural ability to restore cartilage.Doctors do not recommend using more than one non -steroidal medicine at the same time;
- Relaxing muscles.Remove muscle cramps, increase the blood supply to the joints, but their use should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor due to side effects;
- Expanding the vessels.They are able to relax the smooth muscles and increase the space between the muscles.They have a minimum of contraindications, but their effectiveness is an individual indicator;
- Steroid type.Assistance in concomitant diseases such as the presence of inflammation of the thigh bone, but has many side effects;
- Cartilage restoration.Chondroprotectors are most useful in treating arthrosis.They feed the cartilage with the desired elements and stop the development of the disease;
- Local use.The main positive effect lies in the process of rubbing products into the skin, which relieves muscle cramps and helps to improve blood circulation.
During conservative treatment, patients should adhere to dietary specially designed for patients with arthrosis of the hip joint.The course of therapeutic therapy includes therapeutic massage, which is shown in patients with 1 and 2 stages of arthrosis.
Endoprothetics
The third stage of the disease is amenable only to surgical treatment.The patient is recommended to replace the joint or endoprotetics.The surgeon cuts the head of the thigh bone, puts a metal pin in the case of the artificial head.
The prosthesis itself has a single enclosure (replacing only the head) and a common (replacement and both components).The next day after the surgery, some elements of the exercise are performed in a supine position in bed, the patient may stand up, but so far without supporting the leg, after a few days of crutches.After 2-3 months, the crutches will not be necessary, full leg load will be allowed.
Patients who have undergone endoprothetics are recommended for rehabilitation consisting of physiotherapy exercises, a massage course and physiotherapy.In most cases, the function of the limbs is restored.The prosthesis life is 10 to 20 years, after which it is replaced by a new one.
Gymnastics with arthrosis of the hip joint
Exercises to combat and prevent coxarthrosis should be performed carefully.The movement for exercise therapy should be smooth, does not cause pain.LFK for the treatment of the disease should be directed mainly to the strengthening of the muscles themselves, not to load the joints.Swimming is a good way to prevent coxarthrosis, especially in salt water.
- Starting position: Lie on the floor, stretch your arms and legs on your body.Slowly lift the inflamed leg, standing in the knee joint 15 cm from the floor and hold it for about half a minute.Then lower your leg and repeat the exercise with another leg;
- Starting position: Lie on the stomach, legs and arms extend through the body.Raise straight legs 15 cm up, do and then spread them from the side.Everything has to be done slowly.
The patient should remember that some exercises with hip arthrosis of exercise therapy can be difficult for him due to his physical training.They are quite effective methods for preventing various diseases, therefore they are included in the exercise system with both arthrosis and other diseases.
Folk remedies
In folk medicine there are many successful methods for treating coxarthrosis:
- Tinctures and decoctions used inwards (there are many recipes for the preparation of medicinal folk remedies that include garlic, lemons, mummy and different parts of plants and honey, etc.);
- Ointments based on various natural components (ointments made of celandine, eucalyptus oil, aloe and other plants);
- Compresses and baths (application of cabbage sheets, bathrooms with Jerusalem artichoke, etc.).
By applying all folk remedies, it must be remembered that the guarantees of a 100 percent recovery do not exist.
Prevention
Prevention measures are very important, especially if you have had a history of hip dysplasia, fractures, strong bruises or purulent processes in this area.
- Body weight control (reduce the use of flour products, dining salt, sweet, strong tea and coffee in the diet).With overweight, the risk of arthrosis of the hip joint increases.
- Exception to weight transfer, jumps (especially from heights).Try not to be on your feet for a long time.
- If there are diseases associated with metabolism (diabetes, atherosclerosis), they should be offset.
- Dosage exercise aimed at strengthening the muscles of the thighs and buttocks (cycling or cycling, swimming, therapeutic gymnastics).
Compliance with preventive measures, early detection of coxarthrosis and adequate treatment is the key to a positive prognosis in this disease.